Lucca, Tuscany. The church of San Giusto

The Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta and San Genesio is the main Catholic place of worship in San Miniato, the mother church of the diocese of the same name.

The Cathedral of San Martino is the main Catholic place of worship in the city of Lucca. According to tradition, the cathedral was founded by San Frediano in the sixth century, then rebuilt by Anselmo da Baggio, bishop of the city, in 1060.

The abbey of San Salvatore is located in the upper part of Fucecchio, in the province of Florence, diocese of San Miniato.

The tower of Pisa (popularly known as the leaning tower and, in Pisa, the Campanile or the Tower) is the bell tower of the cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta, in the famous Piazza del Duomo of which it is the most famous monument due to the characteristic slope, symbol of Pisa and among the iconic symbols of Italy. It is a separate bell tower 57 meters high (58.36 meters considering the foundation plan) built over two centuries, between the twelfth and fourteenth centuries. With a mass of 14 453 tons, the curved line predominates, with turns of blind arches and six floors of loggias. The slope is due to a subsidence of the underlying land which occurred in the early stages of construction. The inclination of the building measures 3.97 ° with respect to the vertical axis. The tower is managed by the Opera della Primaziale Pisana, a body that manages all the monuments in the Piazza del Duomo in Pisa. It was proposed as one of the seven wonders of the modern world. Work began on 9 August 1173. The foundations were left to rest for a whole year. Some studies attribute the authorship of the project to the Pisan architect Diotisalvi, who was building the baptistery at the same time. The similarities between the two buildings are in fact many, starting with the type of foundations. Others suggest instead Gherardi, while according to Vasari the works were started by Bonanno Pisano. Vasari's thesis was considered valid above all after the discovery in the vicinity of the bell tower of a tombstone with the name of Bonanno, walled up in the atrium of the building; moreover, in the nineteenth century an epigraphic fragment of pink material was always found in the surroundings, probably a cast on which a metal plate was cast, which is placed on the jamb of the building's entrance door. On this fragment we read, upside down: "Pisan citizen named Bonanno". This cast in all probability related to the royal door of the Cathedral, destroyed during the fire of 1595. The first phase of the works was interrupted in the middle of the third floor, due to the subsidence of the land on which the base of the bell tower stands. The softness of the ground, made up of normally consolidated soft clay, is the cause of the slope of the tower and, although to a lesser extent, of all the buildings in the square. The works resumed in 1275 under the guidance of Giovanni di Simone and Giovanni Pisano, adding another three floors to the previous building. In an attempt to straighten the tower, the three additional floors tend to curve away from the slope. The bell tower was completed in the middle of the following century, adding the belfry.

the baptistery of San Giovanni is one of the monuments in the Piazza dei Miracoli, in Pisa; it rises in front of the western facade of the cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta, south of the monumental cemetery. It is the largest baptistery in Italy, and also in the world: its circumference measures 107.24 m, while the width of the masonry at the base is 263 cm (2 meters and 63 cm), for a height of 54 meters and 86 centimeters. The construction of the building began in the mid-twelfth century: "1153 mense Augusti fundata fuit haec ...", or "In the month of August 1153 it was founded ..." (1153 in the Pisan calendar corresponds to 1152). It replaces an earlier, smaller baptistery which was located north-east of the Cathedral, where the Camposanto is now located. It was built in Romanesque style by an architect who signed himself «Diotisalvi magister…» in a pillar inside the building. Later Nicola and Giovanni Pisano were also foremen of the yard, as well as Cellino di Nese. In the nineteenth century, at the same time as a renewal that affected the entire Piazza del Duomo and its monuments, the baptistery was subject to a radical restoration by the architect Alessandro Gherardesca, with interventions that led to the reconstruction of some portals and a large part of the decorative apparatus. Despite the denunciations of some intellectuals and prominent personalities of the Pisan culture of the time, such as Carlo Lasinio, the works, directed by the master builder Giovanni Storni, led to the removal of numerous sculptures by Nicola and Giovanni Pisano. The statues, placed at the top of the first order above and inside the vimpergas, were replaced with works that did not imitate the medieval taste, while the original sculptures were almost all lost except for those now exhibited at the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo. The intervention should have also extended inside, with the creation of frescoes in the central basin, but the project was not concretized and was essentially limited to the removal of non-medieval furnishings and the installation of new windows.

The basilica of San Frediano is one of the oldest Catholic places of worship in Lucca, in Romanesque style, and is located in the homonymous square.

The parish church of S. Giovanni Battista Decollato opens onto the square of the village. The parish church of Montemurlo has an ancient and controversial history, we find the first trace of it when Otto III, on the occasion of his coronation as emperor (995), descends to Italy for Rome and on his journey (998) confirms the possessions of Bishop Antonino of Pistoia among which our pieve is noted. It has a simple plan, with a single nave with presbytery and choir, modified in the second half of the last century. Originally the parish church had very small dimensions and it was only during the 16th century that we witness the first expansion works carried out by the humanist Bartolomeo Fonzio, parish priest in Montemurlo from 1494 to 1520, who had the rectory and the cloister built alongside the church, of which however, the round arches and columns with Corinthian capitals now walled up can still be traced. The parish church is 'protected' by an imposing bell tower which was originally a watchtower then transformed and refined, in the first half of the 16th century as part of the transformations carried out by the active parish priest, with the large mullioned windows that we see on each side, surmounted by brick arches. The large window is supported by octagonal columns and the shutters of the arches that conclude the tower are decorated with a notched frame that also surrounds the roof. Entering the church we cross a loggia, added during the 17th century, supported by brick columns with Ionic-inspired capitals. The interior of the church, with a goat-like roof, is enriched by four aedicule altars, one of which dates back to the 16th century, a model for the others built in the 18th century. On the altars and walls of the presbytery, valuable paintings by the painters Francesco Granacci, Giovanni Stradano, Matteo rosselli and Giacinto Fabroni.